可燃液体爆燃特性及其抑制实验

Experiment on combustion and detonation characteristics and its suppression for liquid vapor

设计了一套可燃液体爆炸特性实验装置,利用该装置和立式爆轰管对RP-5油料、RP-3油料及工业酒精的爆炸特性、1301惰性气体对这3种燃料的抑制进行了研究。结果表明:RP-5油料、RP-3油料及工业酒精爆炸的体积分数范围分别为1.53%～7.73%、0.82%～7.17%及3.38%～18.25%;酒精云雾爆轰的临界起爆能为2.11MJ/m2、爆速和爆压分别为1609m/s、1480kPa,爆轰波传播的胞格宽度为14.5mm,长度为16.2mm。1301惰性气体对RP-5油料、RP-3油料及工业酒精的最小惰化体积分数分别为6.75%、6.8%及5.56%;二氧化碳和氮气对RP-3油料的最小惰化体积分数分别为45%和49%;1301惰性气体对油料爆炸抑制效果明显好于二氧化碳与氮气。

An apparatus for measuring explosion limit of combustible liquid vapor was designed. The explosion limits and detonation parameters, the least explosion suppressible concentration of RP-5 oil, RP-3 oil and alcohol air mixtures were measured respectively by using the apparatus and vertical detonation tube. The results indicate that the explosion limits and the least explosion suppressible concentration of the 1301 inert gas are （1.53-7.73）%, （0.82-7. 17）% and （3. 38-18. 25）%, 6.75%, 6.8% and 5.56%, respectively, by volume, for RP-5 oil, RP-3 oil and alcohol air mixtures; the least explosion suppressible concentrations of N2, and CO2 are 49% and 45%, respectively, by volume, for RP-3 oil air mixtures. So the suppression effect of 1301 inert gas is better than CO2 and N2. The critical initiation energy, detonation velocity and pressure, the width of detonation wave cells are 2. 11 MJ/m^2, 1 609 m/s, 1 480 kPa, 14. 5 mm, respectively, for alcohol-air mixture with equivalence ratio concentration.