文化意象缺失与错位的翻译补偿手段——以《红楼梦》英译本为例

Means of Translational Compensation for the Missing or Dislocation of Cultural Images——A Case Study of the English Version of A Dream of the Red Mansion

文化意象的缺失与错位是文学翻译中的一个棘手的问题,在一定程度上阻碍了跨文化交流的顺利进行。译者在翻译过程中必须采取一些必要的补偿手段来弥补或调和这种缺失与错位,尽可能完整地传递原语文化意象,以达到文化交流与融合的目的。文化意象缺失与错位的翻译补偿手段主要有文外补偿、文内补偿、替换补偿三种,从译者的总体翻译策略来看又可归为显性补偿和隐性补偿两大类。

The missing or dislocation of cultural images is a tough task in literary translation,which hinders the smooth cross-cultural communication to some extent. In the translation process,translators must take some necessary steps to make up for or reconcile with such a lack or dislocation and transmit the original images as completely as possible,so as to achieve the purpose of cultural exchange and integration. The means of translational compensation for the missing or dislocation of cultural images mainly involve three types：compensation outside the text,compensation within the text,and compensation of replacement,which fall into two categories from the perspective of translators＇ overall strategies：explicit compensation and implicit compensation.