高压氧对肾虚豚鼠药物所致听觉功能损伤的影响

The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Kidney-deficiency Guinea Pig's Hearing Impairment Induced by Druggery

[目的]观察高压氧(hyperbaric oxygen,HBO)对肾虚豚鼠药物所致听觉功能损伤的干预效果并探讨其作用机制。[方法]将30只雄性豚鼠随机分为正常对照组(正常组)、肾虚耳聋模型对照组(模型组)、肾虚耳聋高压氧治疗组(治疗组)。肌注醋酸泼尼松龙注射液及硫酸卡那霉素进行肾虚耳聋模型造模,再将治疗组豚鼠置于实验舱内吸氧,正常组豚鼠不作任何处理。观察各组豚鼠听性脑干诱发电位(ABR)的反应阈、各波潜伏期及波间期的变化;耳蜗螺旋韧带及基底膜铺片,光镜下观察耳蜗血管纹及毛细胞的形态变化;耳蜗琥珀酸脱氢酶(succinate dehydrogenase,SDH)染色,光镜下观察耳蜗毛细胞的SDH活性变化。[结果]治疗组ABR反应阈升高幅度明显低于模型组(P<0.01);模型组豚鼠ABR各波潜伏期延长亦比治疗组明显,两组之间及两组分别与正常组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01);而各波间期比较,三组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。模型组SDH显色变淡或消失,毛细胞受损显著,血管纹缺血明显,治疗组SDH变化、毛细胞受损及血管纹缺血程度均明显低于模型组。[结论]HBO对肾虚型听功能损伤有一定的治疗作用,但不能使听功能恢复正常;其可能机制为改善内耳微循环和提高内耳酶活性。

[Objective]To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen（HBO） on kidney-deficiency guinea pig＇s hearing impairment induced by drugs and to discuss the mechanism.[Methods]30 healthy male guinea pigs were divided randomly into three groups：normal group,model group and therapy group.The guinea pigs in model group and therapy group was treated with intramuscular injection of prednisolone acetate and kanamycin sulfate.Then the guinea pigs in the therapy group was exposed to HBO.For comparison,the guinea pigs in the normal group did not undergo any treatment.The observation indexes were as follows：auditory brain stem response（ABR）,the changes in morphology of stria vascularis and hair cells of inner ear and calculation of the number of cochlear hair cells,and the succinate dehydrogenase（SDH）activity of the cochlea.[Results]The thresholds of ABR of the guinea pigs in the model group rose markedly,while those of therapy group rose slightly.The difference was significant between two groups（P〈0.01）.The wave latencies of ABR of the guinea pigs in the model group and therapy group were delayed,and those of the normal group remained as before.There were significant differences among three groups while compared with each other（P〈0.01）.The degrees of out hair cell lesion and stria vascularis ischemia in the model group were higher than those in the therapy group,and the changes of SDH activity within cochlear hair cells in the model group were more obvious than those in the therapy group.[Conclusions]HBO therapy has curative effect on drugs-induced hearing impairment with kidney deficiency,but full recovery do not occur.The mechanism of HBO therapy may be associated with its improvement of microcirculation in inner ear,another mechanism may be associated with its protected activity of mitochondrial enzyme.