中国古代“菱”认知的生态文化解读

The Interpretation of Cognizance of Water Chestnut in Ancient China from Ecological Culture

在中国古代,人们对菱的认知可以分为三个层次,即生物特性、自然属性价值及文化价值的认知。生物特性认知包括对其植物形态、种类、种群分布及生境的认知。自然属性价值认知,主要指其食用和药用价值。在对菱的生物特性和自然属性价值认知的基础上,菱又逐渐进入到祭祀文化、建筑文化和采菱文化之中。

In ancient China there are three levels in the cognizance of water chestnut,namely cognizance of biologic characteristic,value of natural attribute and cultural value. The cognizance of biologic characteristic contains cognizance of botanic configuration,botanic species,botanic population dispersion and botanic biotope. The value of natural attribute of water chestnut contains edible value and officinal value. In the course of the dialogue between man and nature,on the basis of the cognizance of biologic characteristic and value of natural attribute,water chestnut comes into the culture of sacrifice,architecture and water chestnut gathering gradually and this process has completed the transformation from nature to culture.