卫生坑道环境对伤病员救治的不利影响及对策

Adverse Effects of Sanitary Tunnel on Noneffectives and Its Strategy

目的了解卫生坑道内环境状况,掌握其内部环境对伤病员的不利影响,提出积极的应对措施,为战时或特殊情况下人员进驻提供科学依据。方法检测卫生坑道内气温、气湿、风速、O2、CO2、CO、NO、NO2、SO2、细菌总数及真菌数。126人进驻坑道内进行伤病员救治演练。结果进驻前卫生坑道内气温9.5℃,气湿33.9%,风速为0m/s,气体成分检测结果均属正常。细菌总数为(3700±1016.3)cfu/m3,真菌数(4400±1060.6)cfu/m3。细菌总数和真菌数与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。进驻后平均气温10.6℃,气湿76.5%。结论卫生坑道收治的主要是伤病员,低温、高湿及空气污染是伤病员救治的主要不利因素,应做好升温保暖去湿防潮及严格的空气消毒措施,以预防和控制因环境因素对医疗救治的不利影响。

Objective To understand the environmental conditions inside the sanitary tunnel and its adverse effects on the noneffectives,to put forward the positive measures for solving the problems,and to provide a scientific basis for personnel’s entrance in wartime or exceptional circumstances.Methods Some indexes of sanitary tunnel,including air temperature,air humidity,wind speed,O2,CO2,CO,NO,NO2,SO2,the total number of bacteria,and the number of fungi were detected.126 people drilled about medical care within the tunnel.Results Before personnel entered the tunnel,the temperature there was 9.5 ℃,air humidity was 33.9%,wind speed was 0 m/s,and the results of gas composition test were normal.The total number of bacteria was （3,700 ±1,016.3）cfu/m^3,and the number of fungi was （4,400 ±1,060.6）cfu/m^3.The two indexes,total number of bacteria and fungi,were significantly different （P〈0.01） from control group.After personnel’s entrance,the average temperature was 10.6 ℃,and the air humidity was 76.5%.Conclusions Sanitary tunnel is mainly used to caring noneffectives,low-temperature,high-humidity and air pollution are the major negative factors in treatment.Warm air,dehumidification and strict disinfection should be ensured to prevent and control the adverse effects of environmental factors on medical care.