孕妇生活环境与母乳中污染物含量的相关性

Correlation Between Pregnant Women’s Living Environment and Contaminants in Breast Milk

目的研究保定城区不同经济条件、不同生活习惯、不同饮食习惯对母乳中污染物含量的影响。方法采用随机抽样的方法选择保定城区健康第一胎足月产妇206名,由专人进行问卷调查,同时采集母亲乳汁10ml,用等离子体质谱仪测母乳中各种重金属元素的含量。结果怀孕前的一般情况与产后乳汁中污染物的含量无相关性。但孕期的生活环境和饮食习惯与产妇乳汁中重金属元素的含量存在相关性。结论研究结果对进一步提出预防措施,降低环境污染物对儿童早期发育的危害奠定基础,为制定婴儿喂养的正确方法、优生优育、提高未来人口素质提供依据。

Objective To study the effects of different economic conditions,different living habits and different dietary habits on the levels of contaminants in breast milk in Baoding City.Methods With random sampling method,206 full-term nulliparous women were selected in the urban areas of Baoding City to conduct a questionnaire survey;meanwhile,10 ml breast milk was collected from each mother,and the content of heavy metals （Pb,Cd,Hg and As） was measured by ICP-MS.Results There was no correlation between general information before pregnancy and the levels of contaminants in breast milk,but there was a correlation between living environment during pregnancy,dietary habits and the content of heavy metals.Conclusions The results lay the foundation for further putting forward preventive measures and reducing the harmfulness of environmental pollutants to the early childhood development and provide the evidence for formulating the correct method of infant feeding,prenatal and postnatal care and improving the quality of the future population.