马吕斯定律用于退偏振片时的修正及实验验证

The modification of Malus law for depolarized polaroid and experimental verification

在考虑二向色性偏振片存在退偏振的情况下对马吕斯定律进行了推广,建立了自然光通过两个非理想偏振片时透射光强度的物理模型,并进行了实验验证.实验结果表明,该物理模型与实验数据符合较好,大大改善了"验证马吕斯定律"的普通物理实验中数据与理论的符合程度,实验误差明显减小,相对误差在5%左右.本模型实验原理简单,物理图像清晰,是与实验符合很好的简化模型,有助于降低实验室的维护成本,开阔学生的思维,培养学生的创新素质和创新能力.

Considering the depolarization of polarizer, the Malus law is extended and the physical model of transmitted light intensity of natural light through two non-ideal polarizers is established and tested. The experimental results show that the physical model coincides well with the experimental data and has significantly reduced the experimental error, which is only about 5% , in the general physics experiment ＂Verification of Malus Law＂. The principle of this model is simple and the physical image is very clear, so it is a good simplified model coincidence well with the experiment. It can help to reduce laboratory maintenance costs, broaden students critical thinking and cultivate students the quality of innovation.