一种飞机复合材料构件损伤检测的新方法

AN NEW APPROACH FOR DAMAGE DETECTION OF COMPOSITE COMPONENTS ON AIRCRAFT

本文针对飞机复合材料构件损伤,提出了一种新的检测方法进行研究,设计了同面多电极电容传感器并将其用于飞机用复合材料板试件结构损伤的检测实验中。采用方波信号激励同面多电极电容传感器的源电极,测量源电极与检测电极之间电容值并对检测电极响应信号进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT)分析,讨论了不同频率方波激励信号对传感器灵敏度的影响。实验结果表明,当飞机复合材料构件发生损伤时,与完好试件相比较,测量的电容值减小,检测电极响应信号FFT频谱的基波和谐波幅值减小,说明该方法对飞机复合材料构件损伤的检测是可行的。传感器灵敏度随着方波信号频率在100Hz到2MHz范围内增大而提高。

Aiming at detecting damages of composite components on aircraft,a new approach is proposed for research.A uniplanar capacitive sensor with multi-electrode on one plane substrate is designed to apply to the experiment of damage detection for composite components.Square wave is adopted to excite the source electrode of sensor,then the capacitances between the source electrode and the detecting electrodes are measured,and the response signals from the detecting electrodes are sampled and analyzed by fast fourier transform.The effect to sensitivity of the capacitive sensor by square waves with different frequency is discussed.The preliminary experimental results show that,compared with the healthy material,when damage occurs in the composite components,the measured capacitances decrease,and the fundamental amplitude and the harmonic amplitude of FFT spectrums of response signals decrease,and the proposed approach can effectively detect the damages of composite components.The sensitivity of the capacitive sensor improve when the frequency of square wave range from 100Hz to 2MHz.