河北省冬小麦品种现状及今后新品种选育商榷

Discussion and Analysis of Current Situation of Winter Wheat Varieties and New Variety Breeding Technology in Hebei Province

从产量、品质和抗病性方面,对河北省近30 a来育成的冬小麦品种及目前育种现状进行了统计。结果表明：品种产量水平在6 750-8 250 kg/hm^2,区域间存在一定差异;大多数品种属中筋类型,近52.8%的品种存在品质不稳和不协调问题,优质强筋品种仅占3.8%;35.85-54.72%的品种对条锈病、叶锈病和白粉病的反应型为中感~高感,品种抗病性筛选与鉴定、评价方法有待改进;节水抗旱、优质高产、多抗类型品种短缺。

The yield,quality and disease resistance of winter wheat varieties developed in recent 30 years and the current situation of wheat variety breeding in Hebei Province were analyzed.The results showed that the yield level ranged from 6 750 kg/hm^2 to 8 250 kg/hm^2,and it was varied among different areas.Most of varieties belonged to middle gluten type,only 3.8% of them belonged to strong gluten type.Nearly 52.8% of them performed unstable and uncoordinated quality.35.85%-54.72% of them were from middle to high susceptible to strip rust,leaf rust and powdery mildew.The selection,identification and evaluation of disease resistance needed to be improved.The varieties of water saving,drought,high quality,high yield,and multi-resistance were shortage.