豫西旱作烤烟优质稳产的优化水分管理模式研究

Study on Opimized Water Management Model for High Quality and Stable Yield of Flue Cured Tobacco in West Henan Province

豫西烟区年降雨量少，时空分布不均，土壤供水与烟叶生产需水出现矛盾，影响该区烟叶产量和质量。研究结果揭示，深耕可有效增加土壤蓄水，冬前起垄比春季起垄提高了土壤的含水量。增加有机肥，不仅增加土壤蓄水力，而且还有效提高烟叶的产量和质量。推迟移栽、地膜覆盖可提高水分利用率。通过以上技术措施。

The annual rainfall is insufficient and badly distributed in the tobacco producing area of west Henan Prorince and the soil water is in contradiction with the tobacco production, which impairs the yield and quality of tobacco in the area. The reseach showed that subsoil shattering could raise water supply effectively, and ridge forming in winter could increase more soil water content than in spring. Adding organic fertilizer could increase both soil retention ability and yield and quality of tobacco. The water uitilization ratio was increased effectively by postponing the date of transplanting seedlings and by covering soil with film. The technical measures of increasing soil water content, making reasonable use of rain and raising water uitilization ratio were taken in order to obtain good quality and stable yield of flue cured tobacco in dry area.