法治的悖论——以国家法与民间规则为分析对象

The Paradox of Government by Law——Analysis of State Laws and Folk Rules

对于法治问题的研究,可以说滥觞于古希腊的亚里士多德。然而对法治进行更为系统研究的应当是十七、十八世纪的启蒙思想家,以卢梭、洛克和孟德斯鸠等人为代表,他们论证法治应当具有的内涵。按照他们的理论设计,西方主要的资本主义国家都制定了宪法以及其它法律。可以说,这是贯彻法治精神的需要。然而随着经济社会的发展,国家制定法却背离了法治的精神。人们尝试运用民间规则补救国家法的缺陷,但民间规则也隐藏着解构法治的危机。如何维护法治?其道路只能是行走于国家法与民间规则之间。

With the development of economy and society, state laws have deviated from the spirit of government by law. In modern time, people have tried to make use of folk rules to retrieve the deviation of state laws, but folk rules also conceal the danger of deconstructing government by law. How to safeguard the spirit of government by law？ The only way out is to walk between state laws and folk rules.