3Kmeist W, Schreckenberger M, Bartenstein P, et al. Prospective evaluation of positron emission tomography in the preoperative staging of esophageal carcinoma [J].Arch Surg, 2004, 139(10) : 1043-1049.
4Ito B, Niwa Y, Ando N, et al. Diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma using digital radiography [J].Eur J Radiol, 2005,54 (3) : 377-382.
5Siwert J R, Hlscher A H, Dittler H J. Preoperative staging and risk analysis in esophageal carcinoma [J]. Hepato-gastroeroterol, 1990, 37(4) : 382-387.
6Caroline R, Taylr. Carcinoma of the esophagus-Current imaging options [J]. AMJ Gastroenterology, 1986,81 ( 11 ) : 1013-1020.
7. Guidelines for clinical and pathologic studies on carcinoma of the esophagus, ninth edition: Preface, general principles, part I[J] 2004,Esophagus(2):61～88
