生态系统的能量冗余与热力学第二定律

Energy Redundancy in Ecosystems and the Second Low of Thormodynamics.

能量是生态系统赖以存在的基础。从Ｌｉｎｄｅｍａｎ于４０年代开始的生态系统能量流动研究以来，生态学家花费了大量的精力研究生态系统中能量的输入、贮存、转移和输出。现在，生态系统的能量研究已成为生态学的主要部分，并形成一个新的分支生态能量学（ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉ...

. The energy in ecosystems is redundant. Not only the energy within a trophic level is redundant,but the energy flowing among the different levels is redundant. Ecosystems are a redundant system consisted of continuous multi-sources of energy. As soon as energy redundancy in one trophic level is not able to sustain the downward trophic level, the energy flow will stop. Energy redundancy limits the number of trophic levels.At the same time, energy redundancy within the trophic level and between trophic levels maintains normal energy flow and stability of trophic structure in ecosystems. Researches indicated that, in terms of explanation of diminishing energy at trophic levels, the concept of energy redundancy is better than the second low of thermodynamics ,for the former is more ecological meaningful.