棕榈酸阳离子双酯表面活性剂的合成及应用

Synthesis and application of the palmitic acid cationic diester surfactant

以自制的阳离子单酯表面活性剂氯化3-棕榈酰氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基铵(CMESA)和棕榈酰氯为原料,合成了阳离子双酯表面活性剂氯化2,3-二(棕榈酰氧基)丙基三甲基氯化铵(CDESA)。通过红外光谱和元素分析对产物结构进行表征,证实目标产物CDESA的存在。将CDESA作为棉针织物的柔软整理剂,通过正交实验确定最优柔软整理工艺条件为:表面活性剂的质量分数0.5%、处理浴温度40℃、处理时间15min、处理液pH值4和浴比1∶15。实验证明,棕榈酸阳离子双酯季铵盐用于棉针织物柔软整理的效果显著。

This paper uses the self-prepared cationic mono-ester surfactant-CMESA and Palmitoyl chloride as raw materials to synthesize the CDESA. According to the results of infrared spectra analysis and ultimate analysis on the synthesized substance's structure,it proves the existence of CDESA. CDESA is used as softening agent to treat cotton knitted fabric,and the optimized technological conditions are determined through orthogonal experiment:mass fraction of the surfactant is 0.5%,the treatment bath temperature is 40 ℃,the treating time is 15 minutes,pH value is 4 and the bath ratio is 1∶15. It can be seen that as a softening agent,the palmitic acid cationic diester quaternary ammonium salt can treat the cotton knitted fabric very effectively.