东南欧的腐败网络：保加利亚视角

Corruptive Networks in Southeast Europe:A Bulgarian Perspective

论文从保加利亚的政治实践出发,分析了东南欧国家四种类型的庇护关系:政治庇护关系、裙带关系、种族庇护关系、准公司庇护关系,并探讨了这些庇护网络带来的后果,如带来大量有组织的犯罪,出现"高层"腐败等。如何惩治腐败?目前有三种主要的反腐败策略:威慑方法、经济刺激和价值重塑。论文认为这三种方法在民主体制下适用,但是,在缺乏法制、民主失灵的社会中并不适用。论文提出应该重构法治;通过相关政策,对有可能产生腐败的行为体进行监控;通过欧盟协调政策,建立反腐败的国际联合机构,以此积极改善东南欧的腐败庇护关系。

Based on the anti-corruption of Bulgaria,this paper analyzes four types of patraogage in southeast Europe-political patronage,nepotism,ethnic patronage,quasi-corporate patronage-and corresponding results,such as a large number of organized crime,high leve corruption,etc.How to fight against corruption? There are three major strategies:deterrence,economic incentives,and remodeling values.This paper argues that these strategies may work well in a democratic regime,but not the case in the society with lack of rule of law and malfunctional democracy.This paper suggests several ways to fight against corruption,including reconstructing rule of law,supervising entities apt to corrupt by relevant pulbic policies,coordinating EU policies,and establishing international joint anti-corruption associations.