德性复兴与道德教育——兼论亚里士多德的德性论对德性伦理复兴的启示要求

Resurgence of Virtue and Education of Morality——On Requirement and Elicitation of Aristotle's Virtue Theory to Revival of Virtue Ethics

德性伦理学复兴的要旨在于对规则伦理学的拒斥,通过对后者的行为评价体系进行一种德性论的"还原",以给行为评价提供一种前道德的评价依据;当代代表性的德性伦理学家都不同程度地对亚里士多德的带有形而上学的自然主义德性论具有排斥倾向;建立一种基于人性、德性和自然三者走向同一以及人生的意义与自然的意义走向同一之上的德性伦理学,是亚里士多德的自然主义德性论对德性复兴运动深刻的启示要求,可能为伦理学研究的不利现状指出一个崭新的前进方向;德性伦理的复兴对我们的道德教育也提供了反思的契机,为道德教育提供了真实的理论依据和正确方向。

The keystone of the Virtue Ethics＇ revival lies in the rejection to the Rules of Ethics,and offers the latter a virtue theory＇s ＂reduction＂ in its evaluation system to actions by giving the latter action＇s assessment a pre-moral evaluation＇s basis.Some contemporary representatives of Virtue ethicists are right to repel,to varying degrees,the metaphysics naturalism in Aristotle＇s virtue theory.To set up a theory of Virtue Ethics based on a certain unification containing Humanity,Virtue,and Nature all three toward the same,as well as embodying the meaning of life and that of nature toward the same is likely to offer a profound enlightenment requirement,which originates from Aristotle＇s naturalistic virtue theory,to the resurgence of Virtue Ethics and likely to point a new negative direction in the Ethics research.Also the revival of virtue ethics offers a reflection opportunity to our moral education,as well as a real theoretical basis and the right direction.