道德信仰何以可能--康德道德信仰的理性基础及其现实性重建

Possibility of moral belief——Kant's moral beliefs and the reality reconstruction of the rational basis

与宗教信仰相对立,康德试图要在主体自身理性的基础上确立起对道德的信仰。主体自身"纯粹的实践理性"是康德道德信仰的理性基础。但是,"纯粹的实践理性"存在着现代性道德困境,如果不能化解这一悖论,那么"道德"就难以成为理性存在者的普遍信仰。为此,康德试图以制度公正作为现实中的上帝来确保建立"善恶因果联系"的理性法则。因此,康德的道德信仰的理性基础包括个体的道德理性和制度的道德理性两个方面。尽管由于康德的矛盾心态和他所处的社会现实,他的政治与道德一体的实践哲学最终是不彻底的。但康德的意义无疑可以帮助我们把对道德信仰的思考从"纯粹的实践理性"导向更加理性和成熟的"实践的理性"。

And religious beliefs in opposition to Kant＇s attempt to subject itself established on the basis of reason from moral beliefs.Subject itself ＂pure practical reason＂ is a rational basis for Kant＇s moral beliefs.However,the ＂pure practical reason＂ The existence of the moral dilemma of modernity,if not resolve this paradox,then the ＂morality＂ would be difficult to become a general belief in rational beings.To this end,Kant attempts to the system just as the reality of God to ensure the establishment of a ＂causal link between good and evil,＂ the rational laws.Thus,Kant＇s moral beliefs of the rational basis,including an individual＇s moral reason and moral and rational system of two aspects.Despite Kant＇s ambivalence and his social reality in which his political and moral philosophy of the end of practice one is not complete.However,the significance of Kant undoubtedly help us to think of moral beliefs from the ＂pure practical reason＂ guided more rational and mature ＂practical reason.＂