长心卡帕藻养殖群体的遗传多样性分析

Population genetic diversity of Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivated in China

应用RAPD技术对海南6个长心卡帕藻(Kappaphycus alvarezii)养殖群体(编号分别为L、S、LA、LD、NC、XC)遗传多样性进行了分析。从30个引物中筛选出了扩增多态性强、重复性好的6个引物,并从扩增产物S345、S352、S384、S1510、S2003、S2114中检测到了43个位点,条带大小在0.3～3kb之间,其中多态位点为42个,平均多态位点百分率为98.72%。Popgen32软件分析表明,6个群体的多态位点百分率(P)在62.79%～97.67%之间,Nei’s基因多样性指数H在0.1455依0.1809到0.2463依0.1797之间,Shannon’s遗传多样性信息指数I在0.2291依0.2566到0.3808依0.2425之间,6个群体之间的遗传距离在0.0151～0.1350之间,其中海南三亚内村群体(S)的遗传多样性高于其他群体遗传多样性。使用MEGA4软件对6个群体进行UPGMA聚类分析,结果表明,6个群体中S群体单独聚为一类,其他5个群体LA与XC先聚在一起,然后与LD、L和NC聚在一起。6个群体的藻体形态和颜色虽有差别,但RAPD标记显示皆属于同一个种,即长心卡帕藻。

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA（RAPD）markers were used to estimate the population genetic diversity in six cultivated populations of Kappaphycus alvarezii in Hainan Province,China.Six primers（S345, S352,S384,S1510,S2003,S2114）were selected from 30 primers and 43 reproducible and discernible loci were amplified.The amplified fragment sizes ranged from 300 bp to 3 kb.The mean percentage of polymorphic loci was 98.27%.By using software POPGENE 32,the percentages of polymorphic loci of six populations of K.alvarezii were 62.79%-97.67%;Nei’s（1973）gene diversity indices（H）were from 0.1455±0.1809 to 0.2463±0.1797;Shannon’s information indices（I）were from 0.229 1±0.256 6 to 0.380 8±0.242 5;And genetic distances were 0.015 1-0.135 0. It indicated that the genetic variations among populations were high,and the genetic diversity index of population S （Neicun,Sanya,Hainan）was the highest.MEGA4 software was used for UPGMA dendrogram analysis.The result showed that population S clustered alone,and LA and XC first superficially clustered together,then ordinally clustered with LD,L and NC.The six populations really belong to the same species of Kappaphycus alvarezii,although differeces in shape and color exist among them.