并殖吸虫囊蚴的保存方法实验观察

Experimental observation on preservation method of Paragonimus metacercariae

目的实验观察并殖吸虫囊蚴在不同条件下存活天数与影响因素。方法将从蟹体内分离的新鲜的卫氏并殖吸虫等囊蚴分别置生理盐水等5种液体中置5℃等不同温度中定时检查其存活数,求出其存活的平均数。结果不同液体中,以在林格氏液和生理盐水中存活d数近似,为存活期长的一组,分别达86.42d和78.93d。而自来水、去氯水和井水为相似的存活期另一组,平均存活期分别为48.2d、52.14d和56.21d。不管置何种液体中的囊蚴其存活与温度的均极密切,以低温(5～10℃)为长,分别达64.38d和51.74d;而高温(30℃和>35℃)者则明显短暂,分别为1.35d和1.35d。不同虫种中以卫氏并殖吸虫为长(92.32d)、斯氏并殖吸虫居中(78.25d),三平正并殖吸虫最短(23.26d)此与囊壁厚薄及三平正并殖吸虫原寄生于蟹体心脏有关。结论并殖吸虫囊蚴在生理盐水和林格氏液低温下可存活2～3个月。

In order to observe the survival period and influence factors of Paragonimus metacercariae under different conditions, Paragonimus westermani metacercaria from fresh crab were soaked into 5 different types of liquids with different temperature to examine the survival number in each group and the mean survival number as well. It was fond that Metacercaria in Ringer’s solution and normal saline survived longer than in other liquids with the survival periods of 84.42 days and 78.93 days, respectively. While the average survival period for tap water, de-chlorinated water and well water were 48.2 days, 52.14 days and 56.21 days, respectively. The survival of the metacercaria was closely related to the temperature no matter what type of liquid they soaked in. And the survival periods for metacercaria staying at 5℃ and 10℃ were 64.38 days and 51.74 days, respectively. However, the survival period at 30℃ and 35℃ was just 1.35 days. The survival periods for Paragonimus westermani was the longest (92.32 days), following by Paragonimus skriabini (78.25 days). And Euparagonimus cenocopiosus, whose worms were parasitic in the heart of the crab, had the shortest survival period (23.26 days) because of its thin cyst wall. In conclusion, Paragonimus metacercariae could survive for 2 to 3 months in normal saline or Ringer’s solution under low temperature.