人免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病细胞免疫疫苗研究进展

Progress of Cellular Immunization Based HIV/AIDS Vaccine

由于人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)具有变异快、亚型多、攻击免疫系统等特殊的生物学特点,HIV/艾滋病疫苗至今尚未研制成功。20多年来,艾滋病疫苗研究主要采用中和抗体为主和细胞免疫为主等两种策略,然而目前仍没有实质性突破。诱发广谱有效的强CD8+T细胞反应是研制有效HIV疫苗的重要策略。以次要保护性抗原为靶抗原、优化目的基因表达、多抗原联合使用策略,为研究HIV细胞免疫疫苗引入了新的思路。综合分析这些进展,对于重新思考艾滋病疫苗的研究策略可能会有所帮助。

Due to the specific biological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）,such as high vari-ation,diversity of subtypes and the ability to attack the immune system,HIV vaccine has not been developed yet.Neutralizing antibody based and cellular immunization based strategies are the most common strategy in the past two decades in HIV vaccine researches,but no substantive breakthroughs have been achieved by now.Inducing strong and broad CTL has been proved to be an important strategy in HIV vaccine reaserch,using minor protective antigen as target antigen,optimizing the target gene to enhance expression,and combination use of multiple anti-genic epitopes have also brought several new concepts for the development of cellular immunization based HIV vaccine.Reviewing these advancements will be helpful to reconsider HIV vaccine development with a better strate-gy.