奉化市青少年人群HBsAg结果分析

An analysis of results on HBsAg among young population in Fenghua

目的:为了了解奉化市乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫后的免疫效果,调查乙肝疫苗普种前后青少年学生中乙肝表面抗原携带率。方法:奉化市2000年-2008年高校招生体检、在读的城区高中、初中、小学学生以及2008年城区幼儿园入园体检儿童共43089人的HBsAg结果进行了统计分析。结果:乙肝疫苗普种前(1992年以前)出生的2000年-2008年高校招生体检平均HBsAg阳性率为9.83%(2332/23730);城区高中学生为3.31%(138/4174);初中学生为1.34%(61/4556);小学生为0.69%(55/8017);2008年幼儿园儿童入园体检为0.12%(3/2612);1992年以后出生的乙肝疫苗普种的城区初中、小学学生、儿童的HBsAg阳性率为0.78%(119/15185)。结论:奉化市自1992年将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫后,城区学生、儿童的HBsAg阳性率大大降低,乙肝疫苗免疫效果甚为显著。同时也应做好抗-HBs阴性及低滴度学生的乙肝疫苗的补种和加强工作,大力提高学生群体的免疫水平。

Objective：To understand effects of the hepatitis B vaccination after being incorporated into the immunization program,and compare the carrying rates of hepatitis B surface antigen of young population before and after the universal immunization of hepatitis B vaccine in Fenghua City.Methods：The total 43,089 samples of HBsAg test including college physical entrance examination from 2000 to 2008 and students in urban senior high school,junior high school and primary school as well as kindergarten physical entrance examination of 2008 were statistically analyzed.Results：The average rate of HBsAg-position in students（born before 1992） born before universal vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in college entrance examination from 2000 to 2008 was 9.83%（2332/23730）;the 3.31% for urban senior high school students（138/4174）;1.34% for urban junior high school students（61/4556）;0.69% for primary school students（55/8017）;the rate of HBsAg-position of children in kindergarten medical entrance examination in 2008 was 0.12%（3/2612）;the average rate of HBsAg-position in students（born after 1992） of urban school after the implementation of universal hepatitis B vaccination was 0.78%（119/15185）.Conclusion：The significantly lowered rate of HBsAg-position of urban students shows the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination.Therefore,revaccination of hepatitis B for negative anti-Hbs and low-titer anti-Hbs students should be highly strengthened in order to improve the immunization level of student population vigorously.