低氧通气对发芽粟谷中γ-氨基丁酸含量的影响

Effect of Hypoxic Ventilation onγ-Aminobutyric Acid Content in Germinated Foxtail Millet

通过分析粟谷发芽期间主要营养物质和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量变化,探讨粟谷中GABA富集情况。采用低氧通气的方法对发芽粟谷中游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白、谷氨酸、GABA含量和谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)活性的动态变化进行研究。结果表明:低氧通气条件下,发芽粟谷芽长增长,但低于对照;游离氨基酸含量急剧增长并高于对照;可溶性蛋白含量先升高后下降但低于对照;谷氨酸含量在处理24h内升高,随后下降;GAD活性呈先升高后下降趋势,并显著高于对照;GABA含量随处理时间显著增加,处理48h时,GABA含量达到24.32mg/100g,是未处理的4.78倍,比同期对照提高87.51%。由此表明,低氧通气显著提高了发芽粟谷中GABA含量,且与游离氨基酸含量和GAD活性显著正相关。

In order to provide theoretical references for the deep development of millet,γ-Aminobutyric acid（GABA） accumulation in foxtail millet was explored through analyzing the change of major nutritional components and GABA content during the germination of millet.Dynamic changes of free amino acids,soluble proteins,glutamic acid,GABA content and glutamate decarboxylase（GAD） activity in germinated millet were investigated by the treatment of hypoxic ventilation.Results showed that sprout length of germinated millet were increased under hypoxic ventilation,however,the sprout length was still lower than that of the control;the content of free amino acids exhibited a rapid increase and higher than that of the control;the content of soluble proteins exhibited an initial increase and then a decrease,and lower than that of the control;an increase in glutamic acid content during first 24 h treatment of hypoxic ventilation and a following decrease were observed;GAD activity revealed a trend of initial increase and following reduction,and markedly higher than that of the control;GABA content revealed an increase during 48 h treatment of hypoxic ventilation and following decline.The maximal content of GABA was 24.32 mg/100g FW,which were 4.78 folds compared with pre-treatment,and higher 87.51% than the control at the same treatment time.These investigations indicated that hypoxic ventilation significantly improved GABA content of germinated millet,and GABA content exhibited a significantly positive correlation with free amino acids and GAD activity.