从所载子思言行看《孔丛子》的伪书性质——兼说疑古派观点的价值与意义

Inquiring KongCongZi's Nature of Pseudo-book from Zisi's Words and Deeds Contained in it——and Saying the Value and Significance to the Views of the YiGu school

根据相关史料,子思为孔子之孙,"尝困于宋"、"作《中庸》"和"为鲁缪(穆)公师"是其生平事迹中的核心问题。《孔丛子》一书根据信史提供的上述线索,杜撰出诸多与事实不合的子思言行,故不可将其视为信史。杜撰此书的作者虽然有所依凭,但这并不能改变《孔丛子》的伪书性质。诸子之学与其文本体系之间存在着非共时的关系,包括《孔丛子》在内的一些"子曰"类文献并不出自孔子本人,我们应当对疑古派的相关观点加以批判地继承,不能因急着"走出疑古时代",而步入完全信古的泥淖。

According to the historical data, Zisi is the one of Confucius＇ grandsons who was once confined in the state of Song. Whether it is he who wrote the book of ZhongYong and used to be the Lumugong＇s teacher are the core issues of the Zisi＇s life. According to the real historical data used above, the KongCongZi＇s author fabricated a lot of facts about the life of Zisi which can not be accepted as real history. The author might have some real historical data to refer to, but it did not change its nature of the pseudo-book. The school＇s academic characteristics and its text-system had general non-coexistence relationship, including what is in the book of KongCongZi that some data of the ＂Confucius said＂ were not started from Confucius himself. We also should come in for the YiGu school＇s points of view critically, and not hur- ry to ＂go out of the YiGu times＂ and fall into the mud of believing all the ancient history.