社区老年高血压患者抑郁状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of depression and its influencing factors in the elderly with hypertension in the community

目的调查社区老年高血压患者抑郁状况及其影响因素，为社区医务人员采取有效的干预措施提供依据。方法随机抽取长治市2个社区60岁及以上的原发性高血压患者和健康老年人共350例，采取入户面对面的调查方式进行问卷调查。调查问卷主要包括自编的一般资料及老年抑郁量表（GDS）。所有数据采用统计软件SPSS13．0建立数据库，进行统计分析。结果老年高血压患者抑郁平均得分为（11．70±6．67）分，发生率为56．4％，高于健康老年对照组[（6．49±5．97）分和21．3％，t=-7．314，x2=41．489，P〈0．01]；多元逐步回归分析发现，影响抑郁发生的主要因素有自觉症状、并发症、疾病知识、共同居住者、经济负担。结论长治市社区老年高血压患者抑郁发生率高于健康老年人群；社区医务人员针对老年高血压患者抑郁的影响因素进行干预减低其抑郁发生率，提高老年高血压患者生活质量。

Objective To investigate the depression and its influential factors in the elderly with hypertension in communities, so as to provide the theoretical evidence for practicing intervention for community health workers. Methods According to uniform inclusion and exclusion criteria, 350 elderly people aged 60 years and over in Changxing Community and Town God＇s Temple Community in Changzhi city included hypertensive patients and healthy persons who were extracted by stratified random sampling method. The face-to-face survey method was taken, and the questionnaire included general information and Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS）. All data were through statistical analysis by SPSS 13.0. Results The incidence of depression was higher in elderly hypertensive patients （scores： 11.70±6.67, 56.4%） than in normal elderly persons （scores： （6.49±5.97, 21.3） %, t= -7. 314, x2=41. 489, P〈0.01]. The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed the influencing factors of depression were subjective symptoms, complicating disease, knowledge of hypertension, co-living family and economic burden. Conclusions The incidence of depression is higher in elderly hypertensive patients than in normal elderly people. If community health workers do something to intervene the influencing factors of the depression in elderly hypertensive patients, the incidence may he reduced.