胎传梅毒的研究进展

Early congenital syphilis

近年来随着梅毒发病率的增长,胎传梅毒的发病率也在不断增加.孕妇缺乏梅毒血清学筛查及梅毒孕妇不正规的治疗是导致胎传梅毒发生的主要因素.胎传梅毒在临床特点、诊断和治疗等多方面与后天梅毒有所不同.临床上大多数胎传梅毒患儿在出生时并无临床症状,对无症状的患儿仅依据快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验和梅毒孕妇性病研究实验室试验的阳性结果诊断胎传梅毒易造成误诊、漏诊.因此,临床上对出生时无症状的胎传梅毒患儿应提高警惕.

With the increase of syphilis incidence, congenital syphilis has recently become a serious health problem. The development of congenital syphilis is mainly ascribed to the lack of prenatal serologic testing and proper management of syphilis in pregnant women. Congenital syphilis is different from acquired syphilis in many aspects, such as clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management. Most cases of congenital syphilis are asymptomatic at birth, and to diagnose congenital syphilis only based on the results of rapid plasma reagin （RPR） test and T. pallidum particle agglutination （TPPA） assay often leads to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of syphilis in asymptomatic babies. Thereby, clinicians should be particularly vigilant for the possibility of asymptomatic congenital syphilis.