汉族正常年轻成年女性外鼻软组织测量及比较研究

Anthropometric measurement and comparative study of the external nasal soft.tissue in normal Han adult females

目的 通过对汉族正常年轻成年女性外鼻软组织的测量和分析,将其同LG Farkas等针对北美白人女性的外鼻软组织测量数据进行比较,为外鼻部整形手术提供客观可靠的数据参考.方法 选择长沙地区就读的汉族正常女大学生63例.年龄18～25岁,平均23岁.以LG Farkas的头面部测量研究为基础,选择10个测量标记点和6个比例指数,对13个测量项目（10个线性距离,3个角度）进行测量.结果 计算测量项目和比例指数的均数和标准差,并进行种族间的比较.其中,5个线性距离较大（P〈0.01）,5个线性距离较小（P〈0.01）;鼻额角及鼻尖角较大,鼻唇角较小（P〈0.01）;6个比例指数中,鼻深-鼻宽指数、鼻翼长-鼻高指数、鼻小柱宽-鼻宽指数及鼻小柱高度-鼻深指数较小（P〈0.01）,鼻指数较小（P〈0.05）,鼻梁指数较小,其差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 中国汉族女性与北美白人女性的外鼻软组织存在明显的差异.本研究可以为外鼻部整形手术提供有参考价值的外鼻软组织的正常值.

Objective To measure the external nasal soft tissue of the normal Han adult females for providing objective quantitative reference for rhinoplosty after compared with Farkas＇ data taken from the North American white females. Methods Sixty-three normal female college students ranged from 18 - 25 years old （mean 23 years old） were selected from Changsha in this study. By the guidance of standard methods, based on Farkas＇s anthropometric measurements in craniofacial region, 10 nasal soft-tissue landmarks, 10 linear and 3 angular measurements were studied. Six nasal proportion indices were calculated according to the linear measurements. Results Means and standard deviations of all the items had been obtained respectively. Compared with North American females, 5 of 10 linear measurements, nasofrontal angle and nasal tip angle in Han adult females were found to be significantly greater （ P 〈 0.01 ） , while the other 5 linear measurements and nasolabial angle were significantly smaller （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Four of 6 nasal proportion indices （ nasal tip protrusion-width index, ala length-nasal height index, columella width-nasal width index, columella length-nasal tip protrusion index） were significantly smaller （ P 〈 0.01 ） , while nasal index was significantly smaller （ P 〈 0.05 ）. How- ever, nasal bridge index was non-significantly different （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The average Han Chinese and North American white female nasal anthropometric measurements are very different. This study could provide credible and objective reference material for plastic and maxillofacial surgeons for the external nasal softtissue evaluation and planning of rhinoplasty.