桂西北典型喀斯特区生态系统服务价值对景观格局变化的响应

Responses of ecosystem service values to landscape pattern change in typical Karst area of northwest Guangxi,China

基于3S技术,对1985、1990、2000和2005年桂西北典型喀斯特区生态系统服务价值(ESVs)对景观格局的响应进行了探讨.结果表明:研究区ESVs与景观面积、破碎度、斑块形状复杂程度、关键类型面积、连通性以及丰富度紧密相关;景观面积与ESVs呈线性正相关,最大斑块指数、蔓延度指数、聚集度指数、有效网络面积和类相邻百分比与ESVs呈曲线正相关,随着关键景观类型比例的增加和连通性的增强,生态系统服务价值有所增加;分离度指数、分割度指数、斑块丰富度与ESVs呈曲线负相关,随着斑块的破碎与分离的加大以及关键类型比例的降低,生态系统服务价值有所减少.今后应加强对研究区林地、灌木和草地等关键景观类型的保护,加大其面积比例,保证其较大的蔓延度与有效网络面积和连通性,并减少干扰以免破碎度增加,增强生态系统服务价值,以更好地支撑桂西北典型喀斯特地区的可持续发展.

Based on 3S technique,this paper examined the responses of ecosystem service values （ESVs） to the landscape pattern change in the typical Karst area of northwest Guangxi,China in 1985,1990,2000 and 2005. The ESVs in the study area had close relations to landscape area,fragmentation degree,complexity of patch shape,areas of critical type,patch connectivity,and patch richness. It was linearly positively correlated with landscape area and had curvilinear positive correlations with patch index （LPI）,contagion index （CONTAG）,aggregative index （AI）,effective mesh （MESH）,proportion of like adjacencies （PLADJ）,and tended to be increased with increasing patch area and patch connectivity of critical landscape type. The ESVs had curvilinear negative correlations with division index （DIVISION）,split index （SPLIT）,and patch richness （PRD）,and decreased with increasing patch fragmentation and shrinking patch size. Therefore,it would be important to protect the critical landscape types such as woodland,shrub,and grassland,and to increase the patch size and connectivity to avoid further fragmentation. Moreover,it would be necessary to reduce the frequency and severity of disturbances to ensure the ESVs growth and the sustainable development of the study area.