除草剂阿特拉津对中华大蟾蜍生存和性腺发育的影响

Effects of herbicide atrazine on the survival and gonadal development of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor

目的探讨三嗪类除草剂阿特拉津对本地种中华大蟾蜍生存和性腺发育的毒性。方法将中华大蟾蜍从发育的第27期开始暴露于不同质量浓度(0.1、1.0、10.0、100.0μg/L)的阿特拉津,直到变态结束(3个月)后将其解剖,取性腺做组织学观察。暴露期间,每天记录蝌蚪的生长发育情况和死亡情况。结果实验组按质量浓度梯度由小到大,100.0μg/L暴露组死亡率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);虽然各组之间差异无统计学意义,但是阿特拉津在一定程度上干扰了中华大蟾蜍的生长发育;阿特拉津导致暴露组均出现不变态的蝌蚪;阿特拉津对中华大蟾蜍卵巢组织学没有明显影响;却导致雄性性腺发育迟缓,并在一定程度上导致了睾丸组织结构的改变。结论阿特拉津可能通过雌性化/去雄性化作用影响中华大蟾蜍睾丸的发育,有待分子水平的进一步研究。

Objective To research the toxicity of herbicide atrazine on the survival and gonadal development of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor.Methods Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor were exposed to atrazine （0.1,1.0,10.0,100.0 μg/L） in water from stage 27 to metamorphosis （about 3 months）,the gonads of the toads were histologically examined.During the exposure period,the growth and survival of toads were recorded everyday.Results The mortality of the toads at 100.0 μg/L of atrazine was significantly different from that of the control.Atrazine affected the growth and development of the toads to a certain extent,but there was no significant difference between each group.However,atrazine induced unfinished metamorphosis in some toads in the exposed groups.Atrazine had no effect on the ovary,but induced histological degeneration of testis to some degree.Conclusion The results suggest that atrazine might have potential impairment on testicular development through the feminizing or demasculinizing effects,which remains to be further studied on the molecular level.