韩汉人称后缀“-■/者”、“-■/家”的构词及语义功能考察

On the Way of Word Formation and Semantic Function of -■/者 and -■/家 in Korea and Chinese

派生法对丰富一个语言的词汇系统和第二语言词汇习得及教学,都具有非常重要的意义。"-■/者"和"-■/家"是韩汉两种语言中构词能力很强的人称后缀,其使用频率高于其他词缀。通过对二者的对比分析,可以得出如下结论:在构词方面,汉语比韩国语构词方式更为丰富,派生力也更强;在语义功能上,韩国语的核心附加义比汉语丰富,韩国语"-■"与汉语的"-者"和"-家"对应;从语体附加义考察,二者在[+知识专业]义上共同获得[+尊敬]属性,而韩国语"-■"在[+能力]义上,汉语在[+性向]义上具有[+尊敬]属性。

Derivation is of great significance to the construction of vocabulary system of a language as well as thesecondary language acquisition and teaching.- /者 and - /家 are the two most frequently used suffixes ofperson. A comparative analysis shows that Chinese has more ways to form now words than Korean, and thereare more derivates in Chinese; as for semantic functions, the core appended meanings of Korean words are morediversified.- in Korean corresponds to 者 and 家 in Chinese; both suffixes acquire the attribution of [＋respect]when they carry the appended meaning of [＋profession]; in the view of writing style,- in Koreanputs emphasis on [＋ability] ,while 者and 家in Chinese on [＋nature].