论我国保险法禁反言规则的完善

On strengthening the rule of estoppel in China′s Insurance Law

我国保险法已经引入了禁反言规则,但规定过于单薄。从禁反言的内涵来分析,它在保险法上至少包括事实禁反言和允诺禁反言。从它在保险法中的适用来看,禁反言涉及保险人的多项权利义务,适用于保险运作过程中的各个阶段和各个方面。完善我国保险法上的禁反言规则首先要明确禁反言的适用条件,然后厘清禁反言适用的各类情形,并对禁反言之适用设定必要的限制。

Estoppel has been introduced to China＇s Insurance Law, but the relevant clause is too simple and onesided. According to the Insurance Law, estoppel includes estoppel by matter in pais and promissory estoppel. Practically, estoppel involves many rights and obligations of insurer, and can be applied to any period and perspective of insurance operation. To strengthen estoppel rules in the Insurance Law, we need to clarify the prerequisites and situations for applying the rule of estoppel, and establish necessary restrictions for its application.