应对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的策略

Strategies of Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Resistance

氨基糖苷类抗生素在治疗感染性疾病中起着重要作用,尤其是革兰阴性菌引起的严重感染,但是随着临床上耐药菌株的出现较大地限制了此类抗生素的应用,因此,在对细菌耐药机制研究的基础上如何控制细菌的耐药性成为一项迫切需要解决的任务。针对细菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素产生抗性的机制不同,目前采用的措施主要有3种:1)对原有氨基糖苷类抗生素进行改造;2)开发氨基糖苷类抗生素修饰酶抑制剂;3)设计双功能氨基糖苷类抗生素。

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are valuable and sometimes indispensable for the treatment of various infections especially those that are caused by Gram negative strains.But the emergence of resistant strains has somewhat reduced the development of aminoglycosides. Therefore ,how to control bacteria resistance has been one of the pressing tasks in this research field. Many mechanisms have been proposed but only three are widely accepted 1 ） modify thestructure of known antibiotics or synthesis new structural aminoglycoside antibiotics; 2） develop inhibitors of aminoglycosides modifying enzymes;3） design difunctional aminogly-coside.