浙江省高校学生预防艾滋病性病及妊娠行为干预效果研究

Behavioral interventions to prevent STD,AIDS and pregnancy among university students in Zhejiang,China

目的评价围绕大学生安全性行为需求开发的预防艾滋病性病及妊娠行为干预模型的干预效果,探索在大学生中开展性安全教育的有效实践。方法2006年和2007年,在浙江省两所大学3个学院2~3年级的学生中开展干预效果评估研究,1所学校为干预学校,另一所为对照学校,采用同一调查问卷,评估两所学校基线调查和追踪调查大学生安全性行为知识、态度和行为等的变化。结果干预学校基线调查人数和追踪人数分别为565和594人,对照学校分别为507和524人。过去三个月报告有性行为大学生,干预学校基线人数和追踪人数分别为63和57人,对照学校分别为40和34人。干预后,干预学校学生预防艾滋病、性病、妊娠知识、性病传播与流行知识、性病后果和艾滋病形势知识以及危险意识明显增加（P〈0.05）;过去3个月每次/经常使用安全套的比例显著上升;在曾经使用过安全套的学生中,使用安全套是为了预防性病、艾滋病的比例明显上升（P值分别为0.002和0.001）;避孕药从不使用和有时、经常、每次使用的比例显著上升,采用避孕药作为避孕手段的比例显著下降,行为干预对大学生性态度没有影响。对照学校所有指标均无统计学意义上的变化。结论本调查结果表明行为干预模型能够提高大学生相关知识和危险意识,有效促进大学生实施安全性行为。

Objective To evaluate the effects of behavioral interventions developed for prevention of sexually transmitted disease（STD）and human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infection as well as unplanned pregnancy.Methods From 2006-2007,the study was conducted among grade 2-3 students selected from 2 universities,one of which as an experimental group and the other as a control group.A questionnaire survey of pre-and post-interventions was used to evaluate the differences of knowledge,sexual behaviors and attitudes related to safe sex.Results Knowledge scores increased after 3-month education in the experimental university for prevention measures of STD,HIV and pregnancy,transmission routes,consequences and epidemics of STD and HIV as well as risk awareness（P0.05）.The proportion increase significantly for students who always or frequently used condom for prevention of STD and HIV.There was no significant difference for the above indicators in the students of the control university.Conclusion The behavioral interventions improved knowledge and risk awareness of safe sex,and promoted the safe sex behaviors among students with active sexuality.