浙江省麻风病流行情况分析

Epidemiological analysis of leprosy in Zhejiang province,China

目的探讨浙江省历年来麻风病流行状况,评价防治成果,为低流行状态下麻风病管理模式提供理论依据。方法通过回顾性调查研究,利用麻风病发病率、发现率和患病率等指标,评价历年来麻风病防治成果。结果全省累计发现麻风病患者16 634例,治愈12 058例,复发346例,复发率为2.87%,复发患者中,339例为单疗治愈者复发(97.98%),7例为联合化疗治愈者复发(2.02%),目前尚有现症病人109例,其中复发现症病人14例;平均发现率由最高时1955-1959年的2.79/10万降至近五年的0.05/10万;五年平均最高患病率为1970-1975年的26.75/10万;随着防治工作不断深化,流行趋势表现为发病年龄上升、型比值增高、少儿发病率下降,符合麻风病防治后期流行特征。结论本研究表明浙江省麻风病流行特征呈持续下降趋势,控制成效显著,防治成果继续得到巩固。

Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of leprosy in Zhejiang province and to provide guidance for leprosy management in the state of low incidence rate.Methods Retrospective study was conducted for the analysis of leprosy data.The dynamic proportion changes of incidence,detection and prevalence of leprosy were evaluated with the modification of intervention measures taken from the time before 1 949 to current.Results A total of 16 634 new leprosy cases were found,among which,12 058 cases were cured during the period.Recurrence occurred in 346（2.87%）cases,which included 339（97.98%）single drug treated patients and 7（2.02%）multi-drug treated patients.There were still 109 cases of leprosy,including 14 recurrence cases at present.The average annual detection rate of leprosy decreased from the highest rate of 2.79/10 000 in the period of 1955-1959 to 0.05/100 000 in recent 5 years.The prevalence of leprosy showed the characteristics of later stage of the disease prevention,which had increased proportion of cases and new cases in aged group,while had decreased incidences in children.Conclusion The intervention measures of leprosy were effective and the prevalence rate of the disease was low and still decreasing in Zhejiang province.