常州市2008年报告预防接种副反应特征分析

Reported vaccine adverse events in 2008,Changzhou city

目的了解常州市报告预防接种副反应(AEFI)分布特征,为制定AEFI策略提供科学依据。方法对儿童预防接种管理信息系统上的统计数据及查阅计划免疫报表进行分析。结果该市2008年报告AEFI共126例,发生率达0.37/10万,发生AEFI的主要疫苗有流脑、百白破等,一般反应为主,占84.92%,异常反应占12.70%,偶合症占2.38%。≤1岁的儿童占69.05%,预防接种后≤1日发生率占90.48%,临床分型以发热为主,其次为过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎。因疫苗生产企业无法录入致个案完整率99.21%。结论预防AEFI需加强对工作的督导,强化预防接种告知制度和接种前的健康检查;儿童预防接种信息管理系统需逐步完善。

Objective To explore the distribution of reported vaccine adverse events（VAE）.Methods Data of vaccine adverse events were collected from the Vaccination and Management Information System for Children and reports of Routine Immunization Coverage,and were analyzed by the method of descriptive epidemiology.Results In 2008,126 cases of VAE were reported in Changzhou,and the incidence rate of VAE was 0.37/100 000.The vaccines reported with VAE included meningococcal vaccines,DPT,etc.The common,rare and serious events accounted for 84.92%,12.70% and 2.38% of VAE,respectively.The most frequently reported clinical symptom was fever,followed by allergic skin rash and BCG lymphadenitis.90.48% of VAE occurred in less than 1 day after vaccination and 69.05% of VAE were reported for children younger than 1 year old.Conclusion The Childhood Immunization Information System is helpful in identifying clustering trend and serious VAE.Additional efforts should be given to improve the accuracy of reports and timely reaction to rare and serious VAE.