武术教育由技能传习向文化传承转变的思考

Consideration on the Transformation of Martial Arts from Skill Teaching to Culture Inheriting

国家武术管理中心于2009年重新修订了武术的定义,确立了"武术是以中华文化为理论基础,以技击方法为基本内容,以套路、格斗、功法为主要运动形式的传统体育"。这对现行的武术教育方式提出了更高的目标:如何在教育环节中体现出武术文化符号、载体象征,如何体现武术丰富的传统文化和哲学思想?武术教育必须由单纯的武术技能传习转向更重要的武术文化传承。采用文献综述,专家访问等研究方法,针对当前武术教育存在的弊端与武术文化传承的现实状况进行了阐述分析。对未来武术教学教育方式、重心的转变提出了自己的意见和观点。面对全球化的文化侵略与争夺,我们只能选择自救,把武术文化精华加以传承、发展、创新,并期望由此推动武术教育方式的转变,进而使中国的传统文化在国际文化中立于不败之地。

National Martial Arts Management Centre has revised the definition of martial arts in 2009.The martial art is a kind of traditional sport which is theoretically based on Chinese culture and its basic contents is attacking method,and the main forms of it are routine,grapple and excises.This has promoted higher goals for the current way of teaching martial art.How to represent the symbols and signs of martial art culture and how to represent the plenty spirit of traditional culture and philosophy of the martial art？ The education of martial art must transform from pure skill impartation to culture inheritance which is more important.This paper,using the research methods such as literature review and expert interview,analyzes the disadvantages of martial arts education and the current situation of culture heritage,proposes some suggestions for how to transform skill learning to culture heritage in future education.Facing the globalized culture aggression and scramble,the only thing we can do is to rescue ourselves.We should inherit,develop and create the essence of the martial art culture,and hope to promote the transformation of the way of martial art education,and further make Chinese traditional culture stand in the invincible position in the international culture.