无痴呆型血管性认知障碍患者执行功能损害特征分析

Features of the executive function impairment in patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia

目的探讨无痴呆型血管性认知障碍（VCIND）患者执行功能损害的特征。方法采用语义与语音流畅试验、数字符号编码测验、连线测验、画钟测验和Stroop色词测验对43例VCIND患者和35名性别、年龄和文化程度相匹配的正常对照进行测试。结果与正常对照组相比，VCIND组患者计时类测验明显低于正常对照组（P＜0.01），计分类测验中数字符号编码测验、语义与语音流畅试验低于正常对照组（P＜0.01），其中Stroop色词测验计分（P＜0.05）。与正常对照组比较，VCIND组画钟测验评分无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论VCIND患者执行功能损害主要表现为转换障碍、工作记忆损害、知觉运动与信息处理速度减慢。

Objective To investigate the executive function impairment features in patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia （VCIND）. Methods 43 patients with VCIND and 35 age--, sex-- and education--matched healthy controls were examined using semantic and phonetic fluency tests, digit symbol coding subtest, trail making test, clock drawing test and stroop color words test. Results Compared with normal control （NC） group, the scores of semantic and phonetic fluency tests, digit sym- bol coding subtest in patients with VCIND were significantly lower （P 〈 0.01）. VCIND group performed worse in the tests of consuming time than NC group （P 〈 0.01）. The score of clock--drawing test in two groups had no statistical significance （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Conversion disorder, working memory impairment, perceptual motor and information processing speed slowly are now recognized as relatively common events among patients with VCIND.