筑坝河流的生态环境效应及对策措施研究

Eco-environmental Effects and Countermeasure Research for dammed rivers

世界上许多国家,尤其是中国,出于经济发展对能源的巨大需求和减少大气污染的考虑,在几条主要江河上正在建设或考虑建设更多的大坝。随着对河流生态环境的重视,能否将筑坝对环境与生态的不利影响降到最低程度,已直接决定这些工程的成败。因此,关于筑坝对环境影响的研究变得必须且重要。为深化筑坝对生态环境影响的研究,本文从筑坝对河流生态系统的影响、常规降低筑坝影响的对策措施,三峡工程生态保护实践以及对策措施建议等方面加以总结和探讨。

For the huge demand for energy to develop economy and reduce air pollution, more and more large dams are being or will be constructed in major rivers throughout the world, especially in China. As greater attention has gradually been attracted with the impacts of dam on ecological environment, whether the negative impacts on environment and ecosystem can be minimized will directly determine the success or failure of the projects. So researching on the impacts of dam on ecological environment is necessary and significant. To deepen the study on the ecological environment impact of dam, the effects of dam on the environment and ecosystem, original measures to alleviate the negative impact and improve the ecosystem, Operation Practice of Three Gorges Project on the environment and countermeasure advises will be summarized and discussed in the paper.