结构性粘土研究综述

Review on Structured Clay

从结构性粘土微观结构、形成机理、力学特性、数学模型、人工制备技术及其剪切带的性状几个方面，介绍国内外学者的研究工作与结论．分析表明：天然土体结构性的成因是多种多样的，结构性土体有其独特的力学特性，常规数学模型已无法描述．反映土体微观结构变化的定量指标有待建立，宏观本构模型需进一步与微观力学模型相结合．结构性土体人工制备方法的突破，扫描电镜技术和微观定量技术的应用，将为土体性质的深入研究建立结构性模型，从而为完善现代土力学理论创造有利条件．

In this paper,the research works on structured clay from the respects of microstructure,mechanism of formation,mechanical behaviour,numerical models,artificial preparation,and shear band are introdced.It is shown that the structure of natural soil is formed variously.Structured clay is of special mechanical behaviour,and conventional numerical models can not simulate it property.It is necessary to establish quantitative indexes to describe the change of its microstructure.Macroscopic constitutive laws for the soil should be developed on the basis of microstructural models.The development in artificial preparation of structured clay,and application of SEM and microscopic quantitative analysis technique,will be helpful to the deep study of the microstructure of soil,establishment of structural models and developement of modern soil mechanics.