恶性肿瘤患者医院感染原因分析及对策

Analysis and Strategy of Nosocomial infections Reasons in Malignant Tumour Patients

目的了解恶性肿瘤住院患者医院感染情况,探讨其相关因素,以采取有效的控制措施。方法对2007年1月-2009年2月,出院的356例恶性肿瘤住院患者资料进行前瞻性监测和回顾性调查分析。结果发生医院感染58例、72例次,医院感染率为16.29%、例次感染率20.22%;常见医院感染部位主要为呼吸道、手术切口感染;病原菌检出为白色假丝酵母菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属、表皮葡萄球菌、真菌;化疗引起粒细胞减少、侵入性操作、切口积液、糖尿病、营养不良与医院感染相关。结论恶性肿瘤住院患者的医院感染发生率高,应重视与医院感染的相关因素,采取有效的防治措施,减少医院感染发生率。

OBJECTIVE To find the hospital infection＇s incidence in the patients with malignant tumor, and explore the related factors, then take effective control measures on that basis. METHODS All of 356 cases of inpatients with malignant tumors （from January 2007 to February 2009） were included for prospective monitoring and retrospective study. RESULTS Hospital infections happened in 58 cases, 72 case-times, the hospital infection rate was 16.29%, case-times infection rate was 20. 22%. The common sites of hospital infection were respiratory infections （43.1%）and surgical incision （41.37%）. Pathogens of hospital infection are detected to be Candida albicans , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella spp, S. epiderrnidis, fungal spores. Neutropenia caused by Chemotherapy, immersion operation, fluidify in incision, diabetes, malnutrition had something to do with the hospital infection. CONCLUSIONS Malignant tumour inpatients have a high incidence of hospital infection. More attention should be paid to the related factors of the hospital infection, and positive and effective measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of hospital infection and to promote the patient recovery.