从规训策略到反抗手段——消费活动的政治意义与理论转向

From Discipline Policy to Revolting Measure──The Political Significance of Consumption Activity and Theoretical Transition

消费活动是马克思非常关注的人类社会生活领域,通过拜物教批判,马克思为我们揭示了消费活动所包含的政治意义。当代西方理论界同样非常重视消费活动,他们对消费活动的定位随着资本主义社会的发展与变化而发生了重大的转向。总体上看,当代西方理论界在承认消费活动是统治阶级的一种规训策略的同时,越来越强调其作为大众的一种反抗手段的重要意义。笔者试图对国外消费理论的这种转向进行梳理和归纳,并探究这种转向的意义及对我们的启示。

Consumption activity belongs to the scope of human social activities,to which Marx had paid great attention.By criticizing fetishism,Marx revealed the political significance involved in consumption activity.Modern western theorists also pay great attention to consumption activity.With the development and change of the capitalist society,significant transition has occurred in their orientation of consumption activity.In general,modern western theorists accept that consumption activity is one of the discipline policies of ruling class; at the same time,they place more emphasis on the significance of consumption activity as the revolting measure of general populace.This paper attempts to analyze and summarize this transition in western consumption theory,and investigate the significance of this transition and the revelation we learned from it.