黄绿木霉菌及不同生物混剂对土壤养分与酶活性的影响

Effect of Appling Trichoderma aureoviride and Muti-microorganisim on Soil Fertility and Soil Enzyme Activity

以生物菌肥拮抗细菌、解磷细菌、解钾细菌和黄绿木霉菌为实验材料,通过盆栽番茄试验,研究不同生物菌肥对土壤养分含量及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:添加黄绿木霉菌的处理,土壤养分含量均高于清水处理与化肥处理。跟踪测定番茄不同生长时期土壤中的脲酶、磷酸酶活性,结果表明:不同处理土壤中的脲酶与磷酸酶在番茄不同生长时期有相同的变化趋势,即由发芽期至开花期,酶活性逐渐增强,而后下降;而比较不同处理的酶活性,其中以解磷细菌、解钾细菌、拮抗细菌和黄绿木霉菌混合处理效果最为明显。所有使用生物菌肥的处理,脲酶与磷酸酶的活性均高于化肥处理与清水处理,其中混合处理比化肥处理在番茄不同生长时期的土壤脲酶活性均高出30%,磷酸酶活性均高出27%;但比较番茄收获后土壤过氧化氢酶与纤维素酶的活性,不同处理间差异不显著。

Taking antagonism bacteria,phosphate dissolving bacteria,silicate dissolving bacteria and Trichoderma sp.as material,through pot experiment,we compared the results and studies the effects of different bio-fertilizer on soil nutrients and soil enzymes activities.The results showed that the concentration of soil nutrients in the treatment of bio-fertilizer were higher than that in the treatments of pure water and chemical fertilizer.The soil urase and phosphatase activity were detected at different tomato development stages.The result showed that the change tendency of soil urase activity and phosphatase activity were the same along different tomato growing stages,the enzyme activity was increasing from germination stage to flowering stage,but decreasing after flowering stage.Contrast to other treatments,the enzyme activity of bio-fertilizers mixed treatment（phosphate dissolving bacteria,silicate dissolving bacteria,antagonism bacteria and Trichoderma sp.）was higher.The urase activity and phosphatase activity by different bio-fertilizer treatments were higher than the treatment of pure water and chemical fertilizer.The urase activity and phosphatase activity of treatment E were 30 % and 27 % higher than that of the treatment of chemical fertilizer,respectively.However,the differences in catalase activity and cellulase activity among different treatments were not significant after harvest.