KI与无机铵盐催化CO_2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯

Synthesis of Propylene Carbonate from CO_2 and Propylene Oxide with KI and Inorganic Ammonium Salts as Catalyst

以无毒、合成简单、廉价的无机铵盐(氨基甲酸铵、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵等)为助催化剂,研究其对卤化钾(KCl、KBr、KI)催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯(PC)的影响.结果表明,卤化钾与无机铵盐显示出很好的协同催化效应.其中以氨基甲酸铵为助催化剂,KI为主催化剂时,催化合成PC的效果最好.同时考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、CO2初始压力、PC的预加入量、反应时间等因素对反应的影响.在优化条件下,PC收率大于99%.

Synthesis of propylene carbonate （PC） from CO2 and propylene oxide catalyzed by potassium halide （KCl, KBr, KI） in the presence of inorganic ammonium salt （ammonium carbamate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate） was studied. It was discovered that potassium halide and inorganic ammonium salt showed excellent synergetic catalytic effect, and ammonium carbamate showed the best co-catalytic effect among of them when KI was used as main catalyst for PC synthesis. Effects of amount of catalyst, reaction temperature, CO2 initial pressure, amount of pre-added PC and reaction time on PC synthesis were also examined. Under the optimal reaction conditions, over 99% of PC yield was obtained.