低工资水平下城市农民工的劳动供给模型

The Labor Supply Curve of Rural Workers to Cities under Low-wage Rates:Based on the Survey in Wenzhou

文章通过构建可变必需支出约束下的农民工劳动供给模型,对经典的劳动供给理论进行了修正,并利用浙江省温州市农民工的调查数据对模型进行了实证检验。文章指出,由于农民工的劳动供给受到必需支出的约束,经典劳动供给曲线将在低工资水平处出现一个拐点,在拐点工资率以下,农民工的劳动供给与工资率之间存在反向变动关系,当工资率下降时,农民工将适当地压缩必需支出,增加劳动时间,减少闲暇时间;当工资率上升时,农民工将适当地提高必需支出,减少劳动时间,增加闲暇时间。另外,非劳动收入、可支配的时间总量、物价水平等外生变量也将影响农民工的劳动供给。

The classical labor supply theory could not explain why labor supply curve of rural workers is forwardfalling.This paper builds a labor supply model of rural workers to cities based on expenditure constrain of variable necessities and tests this model by using the data from sampling survey about 694 rural workers in Wenzhou city.The study shows that under turning wage rate the labor supply of rural workers with the expenditure constraint has the opposite direction with wage rates.This paper also finds that the labor supply of rural workers will be affected by three exogenous variables which are the amount of disposable time,nonlabor income and the consumer price level.