媒介竞争、选举竞争和公共产品供给

Media Competition,Election Competition and Public Goods Supply

不同阶层或地区之间的公共产品供给经常不均衡,媒介竞争与媒介捕获导致的各阶层、各地区之间信息分布的不均衡是重要根源。媒介声望竞争有助于媒介提供广泛与差异化的信息,而媒介经济利益竞争会引致媒介信息偏好高收入群体,特别是容易诱发媒介捕获,由此会导致媒介信息偏好特定利益人。媒介信息的失真导致政府官员偏好高可见度公共产品的供给,从而引致政府的公共产品决策偏向于高收入群体或特定利益人。大力发展媒介产业、建立媒介自律与重视声望机制、重视对官员任用的声望考评、保留或建立公益性媒介机构是扭转公共产品供给失衡的有效对策。

Public goods supply is often in disequilibrium among different social classes or different areas,and its root cause lies in information disequilibrium which was induced by media competition and media capture.Media reputation competition helps mass media to provide comprehensive and different information for residents,mass media＇s benefits of competition will lead media information have a preference for large income groups,especially induce media capture,so it will result in media information prefer special interests.Media information distortion induces officials prefer high-visibility public goods supply,so government＇s public goods decision prefers large income groups or special interest groups to others.Developing media industry,establishing media＇s self-discipline and reputation system,attaching importance to officials＇ reputation evaluation,holding or establishing commonweal media agency are effective policy to change public goods supply disequilibrium.