氨氮污染对水产养殖的危害及处理技术研究进展

Advancement in Researches of Ammonia Pollution Hazards on Aquaculture and Its Treatment Technology

综述了氨氮污染对水产品的毒害性、我国水体氨氮污染的现状以及水产养殖氨氮污染治理技术的研究进展。通过文献调研,发现国内外关于氨氮对水产养殖的危害集中在毒理方面,关于氨氮污染对水产养殖环境的改变、水产品品质的影响等方面的研究还不够;水产养殖氨氮污染治理的各种技术中,目前已得到应用和研究的热点在于生物处理技术和生态处理技术,今后研究的方向有可能是微生物包埋技术的应用、高效稳定的生态处理技术以及低成本新技术的开发等。

The hazards of ammonia pollution on aquaculture, the present ammonia pollution situation of water body in China and the aquaculture related ammonia treatment technologies were overviewed in this paper. Researches show that studies on the hazards of ammonia pollution on aquaculture are mainly on the toxicology, while the effects of ammonia pollution on the aquaculture environment and the aquatic products quality were not studied in depth; among all the aquaculture related ammonia treatment technologies, the biological treatment technology and the ecological treatment technology have been applied in the pilot projects and also much attentions have been paid on them, the future research direction would be the application of embedded microbe, the study of ecological technology with high performance and stability, and the development of low cost new technologies.