“阴性文化”与中国传统建筑“井空间”

“Negative Culture”and “Well Space”of Chinese Traditional Architectune

文章论述了中国传统文化具有明显的“阴性文化”的特征。认为其历史渊源可以追溯两个原因，一是中国古代社会政体：“启立夏，家天下”；另一个是中国传统哲学：如儒家“崇礼”，佛家“悟空”，道家“法无”。指出中国传统建筑自古深受这种阴性文化影响，共产生了独特的空间原型，所谓“井空间”即其中之一。从穴居时代中国先民的“竖井”到明清民居的“天井”，“井空间”的建筑表现源远流长。作为“外井式”井空间建筑形态的例证，"地坑式"窑洞与关中和皖南"天井"民居：特征相似──体现了“天人合一”的传统观念；形态各异──反映出中国古代建筑师和他们的建筑对于环境巧妙地适应。

Chinese traditional culture possesses notably a feminine cultural characteristic.From time immemorial chinese traditional architecture has been influenced deeply by the feminine culture, so that it produces some original space-archetype, one, from the 'vertical-pit'of chinese first ancestokind of which is what is called the Jing Space'.As an example of the architectural forms of the exterior 'Jing-Space', 'sunden pit in ground' in the westnorth of China and the 'air shafts' in the twelling houses of Guaazhong and Wannan.They have not only similar feature-that is a mirror of traditional 'theory that man is integral part of nature', but also different pattern-which indicates that chinese ancient architects and their works adap ingeniously to themselves environment in circumference.