日本在中亚俄罗斯的能源外交

Japanese energy diplomacy in Central Asia and Russia

为确保能源的稳定供应,日本将能源合作问题作为对外政治、经济交往中的核心内容之一,能源外交成为日本外交的重点。近年来,日本对外能源投资逐渐从"以中东为中心"转向中亚、俄罗斯、非洲、南美等地区。日本在中亚地区开展了石油和核能领域的合作,与俄罗斯的能源合作主要集中在石油、天然气、核能等领域。日本实施的能源外交呈现两个特点,一是"官民一体",政府与民间企业联合出击;二是以本国在能源技术及设备方面的优势换取能源,力图与能源供给国建立多层次的能源合作关系。分析日本能源外交的做法,有两个方面值得借鉴:重视文化影响,加强宣传工作;鼓励更多民间资本参与"走出去",与国有企业组成财团共同开发境外项目。

In order to ensure a stable supply of energy resources,Japan has made energy cooperation one of the main components of its international political and economic interaction. Energy diplomacy has become the focus of Japanese Diplomacy. In recent years,Japanese overseas energy investment has gradually shifted focus away from the Middle East towards Central Asia,Russia,Africa and South America. In Central Asia and Russia,Japan's energy cooperation has focused on oil,natural gas and nuclear energy. The implementation of Japanese energy diplomacy has two characteristics. First,Government and private sector join together to fight for their interests. Second,take their advantages in energy technology and equipment exchange for energy exchange,and create cooperative relationships with oil providing countries on a variety of levels. An analysis of Japanese energy diplomacy offers two valuable lessons for China:firstly,to attach importance to the influence of culture and strengthen promotional efforts,and secondly,to encourage more private capital to be invested in overseas projects in cooperation with the financial groups of state-owned companies.