保山市2003-2008年疟疾疫情分析

A Tentative Analysis of Malaria Epidemic in Baoshan City from 2003 to 2008

目的分析云南省保山市疟疾发病情况,以便采取有效的控制措施。方法对保山市2003-2008年的疟疾疫情和防治措施进行研究分析。结果保山市2003-2008年共有确诊的疟疾病例15762例,发病率为108.63/10万,占总报告传染病的36.95%,位居报告传染病之首;死亡31例,死亡率为0.21/10万,病死率为1.97%。其中间日疟11128例,占总发病数的70.60%;恶性疟3675例,占23.32%;混合感染93例,占0.59%;未分型866例,占5.49%。发病以外源性为主,占总发病数的94.87%。发病最高的是腾冲县,共发9021例,占全市发病数的57.23%,发病最低的是昌宁县,共发37例,占0.23%。2005年发病最高,共发3940例,占各年份发病总数的44.58%。通过认真完成"全球基金疟疾项目","中央财政转移支付疟疾项目"和常规疟疾防治的各项工作内容,取得了明显的防治效果。发病从2003年的2585例下降到2008年的1116例,下降率为56.83%。结论保山市2003-2008年的疟疾疫情自2005年回升以后每年都有所下降,说明采取的措施是有效的,可以继续按照目前这种主要围绕血检、现症病人治疗、休止期根治、流动人口管理、主动病例侦察、内源性疫点处理、重点人群发放预防药和进行卫生宣教等综合性防治措施开展防治,以进一步降低疟疾发病水平。

Objective This project intends to find more effective control measures on the infection of malaria in Baoshan through a tentative analysis of the malaria infections in Baoshan. Method The malaria infection reporting cases from 2003 to 2008 and the control measures are analyzed. Results From 2003 to 2008 ,there were 15 762 reporting cases of malaria infection in Baoshan,with an incidence rate of 108.63/100 000,accounting for 36.95% of the total reporting cases of infectious diseases,ranking first in the reporting of infectious diseases.There were 31 deaths, with mortality rate of 0.21/100 000, and case fatality rate of 1.97%. The reporting cases of malaria consist of 11 128 cases of vivax malaria,accounting for 70.60% of the total infection. 3 675 cases of plasmodium falciparum malaria,accounting for 23.32% ,mixed infection in 93 cases,accounting for 0.59% ,and 866 unlabeled cases, accounting for 5.49%. The outdoor environmental infection, accounting for 94.87%. There were 9 021 cases of malaria infection in Tengchong County,with the highest incidence,accounting for 57.23% of all incidence. There were 37 cases of malaria infection in Changning County, with the lowest incidence, accounting for 0.23% of all incidence. The largest quantity of outbreak of malaria in Baoshan is 3 940 cases in 2005,accounting for 44.58% in the total infection.Through the compeletion of ＂The Global Fund Malaria Project＂ and ＂the central government transfer payments Malaria Project＂ ,malaria was remarkably under control. Incidence dropped from 2 585 cases in 2003 to 1 116 cases in 2008,with a reduction of 56.83%. Conclusion The malaria cases were graduady decreases from 2003 to 2008, except the slightly increase in 2005. Indicating that the control measures were effective and could prevent and control through using blood tests,treating patients,complete treatment,mobile population management,active case detection,dealing with endogenous epidemic site,focus on distribution of preventive medicine to the population and conduct health education and publicity, to further reduce the incidence of malaria level and provide better health services.