心脏自身干细胞的研究进展

Research progress in resident cardiac stem cells

背景:细胞移植修复心肌再生受到细胞来源、免疫排异、伦理及疗效不确切的限制,寻找新的种子细胞已成为心肌再生领域的趋势。大量研究证明哺乳动物心脏中存在心脏自身干细胞,参与心脏的自我更新和内源性修复,已成为近年来的研究热点。目的:综述心脏干细胞的来源、特征、诱导因素及其在心肌再生方面的研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索2000/2009期间Medline数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed)与心脏干细胞的来源、分化、特征及其在心肌再生方面相关的文章,检索词为"Cardiac stem cell",包括临床研究和基础研究,排除重复和Meta分析类文章,纳入27篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:心脏干细胞是一类存在于心脏组织内能够自我更新及克隆增殖的干细胞,它具有多能分化潜力,能够分化为心肌细胞、内皮细胞及血管平滑肌细胞等多种细胞,对心脏的维持自我稳定及损伤修复有重要意义。已发现多种具有不同表型特征的心脏干细胞,它们均具有参与心肌和血管再生的能力。以心脏干细胞为基础的治疗方法为心脏疾病的治疗提供了一条新途径。相对于其他成熟干细胞,心脏干细胞应该是一种更合理的心肌再生治疗的细胞来源。

BACKGROUND：The repair of myocardial regeneration by cell transplantation is restricted by the source of cells,immune rejection,ethics and imprecise efficacy.Looking for a new kind of seed cells has become a trend in the field of myocardial regeneration.Numerous studies have demonstrated cardiac stem cells（CSCs） exist in the mammalian hearts.The research of CSCs has become a hotspot recently because of their differentiation into myocardial cells and participation in the endogenous repair of heart.OBJECTIVE：To review the source,characteristics,induction factors of CSCs and its application in myocardial regeneration.METHODS：We searched the Medline database（http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed） from 2000 to 2009 for the relevant articles on the source,differentiation,characteristic of CSCs and the role in myocardial regeneration,including clinical and basic researches.The Keywords were ＂cardiac stem cell＂.A total of 27 articles were analyzed after excluding the repeated studies and Meta analysis articles.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：CSCs are a kind of stem cells with self-renewal and proliferation potential.They can differentiate into many kinds of cells,such as myocardial cells,endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells,and play an important role in the maintenance of self-stability and repair of heart.Many different phenotypes of CSCs have be found,which can take part in myocardial and vascular regeneration.The therapies on the basis of CSCs put forward a new way for the treatment of heart disease.Compared with other adult stem cells,CSCs should be a more reasonable cell source of the myocardial regenerative treatment.