拔牙矫治对年轻成年错畸形患者上气道大小的影响

Effects of extraction orthodontic treatment on the upper airway dimensions in young adult patients with malocclusion

目的:研究拔牙矫治对年轻成年错畸形患者上气道大小的影响,探讨牙齿位置及颌面形态变化与上气道大小之间的相关性。方法:随机选择26例拔除4个第一前磨牙和21例未拔牙的错畸形患者,测量矫治前后的X线头颅定位侧位片及牙模型,将测量数据进行配对t检验,单因素相关分析及多因素回归分析。结果:拔牙组和非拔牙组经治疗后,软腭后气道间隙(SPAS)、软腭尖后气道间隙(MAS)及舌根后气道间隙(IAS)均无显著变化(P>0.05)。单因素相关分析结果显示SPAS改变量与U1-Y距、L1-Y距改变量呈正相关;MAS及IAS改变量与SNB角、U1-Y距、L1-Y距改变量呈正相关。多因素回归分析结果显示U1-Y距改变量与SPAS及IAS改变量有显著的正相关关系,L1-Y距改变量与SPAS及MAS改变量有显著的正相关关系。结论:拔牙矫治未引起上气道大小的明显改变,但切牙位置改变与上气道大小改变有显著相关性。

Objective：To investigate the effects of extraction orthodontic treatment on the upper airway dimensions in young adult patients with malocclusion,and to evaluate the relationship between changes in the craniofacial morphology,position of incisor and upper airway dimensions.Methods：26 patients with upper and lower first premolar extraction and 21 patients without extraction were recruited.Cephalometry and dental cast analysis were performed pretreatment and posttreatment.Results：No statistical difference was found in the parameters of the upper airway dimensions in both non-extraction group and extraction group after treatment.In linear correlation analysis,SPAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables U1-Y and L1-Y.MAS and IAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables SNB,U1-Y and L1-Y.The multiple regression analysis revealed that the change of U1-Y had a significant positive effect on SPAS and IAS,and the change of L1-Y also had a significant positive effect on SPAS and MAS.Conclusion：The upper airway dimensions can not be altered during extraction orthodontic treatment,while the changes of incisors are significant associated with the change of the upper airway dimensions.